Elio de Angelis

Elio de Angelis (26 March 1958 – 15 May 1986) was an Italian racing driver who participated in Formula One between and, racing for the Shadow, Lotus and Brabham teams.

His father Giulio was an inshore and offshore powerboat racer who won many world championships in the 1960s and 1970s.

After a brief spell with karts, de Angelis went on to win the Italian Formula Three Championship in 1977.

At the end of the 1977 season, de Angelis was on Enzo Ferrari's short list to replace Niki Lauda.

De Angelis successfully tested the Ferrari at the Fiorano circuit but eventually Ferrari decided to hire Gilles Villeneuve.

De Angelis's debut Formula One season was in with Shadow.

In 1978 he raced in Formula Two for Minardi and then for the ICI British F2 Team, he also competed in one round of the British Formula One championship and won the prestigious Monaco F3 race.

De Angelis was a very competitive and highly popular presence in Formula One during the 1980s, and is sometimes referred to as Formula One's "last gentleman player".

De Angelis was born in Rome.

His first victory came in the 1982 Austrian Grand Prix at the Österreichring, 0.05 seconds ahead of the Williams of eventual World Champion Keke Rosberg.

The win was the last hailed by Colin Chapman's act of throwing his cloth cap into the air.

Chapman died in December that year and Peter Warr became the new Lotus team manager.

In, Lotus switched from the Cosworth DFV they had been using since , to Renault turbo engines, but it was a disappointing season, suffering multiple mechanical failures.

De Angelis's best result was a fifth place in the 1983 Italian Grand Prix.

In, de Angelis had a much better season, scoring a total of 34 points and finishing third in the standings with three podiums.

His best result was a second place at the Detroit Grand Prix.

De Angelis was the only driver to finish in the top 5 in 1984 not to score a race win, showing his consistent performances throughout the season with the improving Lotus-Renault.

In, de Angelis was joined at Lotus by Ayrton Senna, who had left the Toleman team.

De Angelis's second win came in the third race of the season, at the 1985 San Marino Grand Prix, after Alain Prost was disqualified when his McLaren MP4/2B was found 2 kg underweight.

De Angelis also claimed his last Formula One pole position that year in Canada.

He finished fifth in the championship, with 33 points, five points behind his teammate.

However, de Angelis chose to leave Lotus at the end of the season, frustrated that the team's efforts were being focused mostly on Senna.

De Angelis's drive for was with Brabham, as a replacement for twice World Champion Nelson Piquet, who had moved to Williams to join de Angelis's former Lotus teammate Nigel Mansell.

Fellow Italian Riccardo Patrese was his teammate.

Patrese was returning to the Bernie Ecclestone owned team after two unhappy years with Alfa Romeo.

He was killed in an accident while testing the Brabham BT55 at the Paul Ricard circuit, near the commune of Le Castellet, France, in 1986.

The 1986 Brabham-BMW, the BT55, was the brainchild of long time Brabham designer Gordon Murray.

The BT55 was a lowline car with a reduced frontal area, the idea being to have a cleaner airflow over the car to create more downforce, while at the same time reducing the car's drag.

The chassis proved effective, unlike the l4 BMW turbo that had to be tilted to an angle of 72°.

This caused severe oil surge and an even greater lack of throttle response than the BMW had become famous for.

Although the team worked hard to overcome these problems, it was clear from early in the season that Brabham had fallen behind the leading pack.

In May 1986, during tests at the Paul Ricard circuit in France, the rear wing of de Angelis's BT55 detached at high speed resulting in the car losing downforce on the rear wheels, which instigated a cartwheel over a crash barrier, causing the car to catch fire.

The impact itself did not kill de Angelis but he was unable to extract himself from the car unassisted.

The situation was exacerbated by the lack of track marshals on the circuit who could have provided him with emergency assistance.

A 30-minute delay ensued before a helicopter arrived and de Angelis died 29 hours later, at the hospital in Marseille where he had been taken, from smoke inhalation.

His actual crash impact injuries were only a broken collar bone and light burns on his back.

De Angelis's death also saw the end of Formula One using the full 5.812 km (3.612 mi) Paul Ricard Circuit.

He finished seventh in his maiden Grand Prix in Argentina and 15th in the championship with three points.

De Angelis's performance with Shadow caught the eye of Lotus boss Colin Chapman, who hired him to partner Mario Andretti in.

At the age of 21, de Angelis became the youngest Grand Prix podium finisher of all time when he finished second at the Brazilian Grand Prix, run at the Interlagos circuit.