Zhenan Bao

Zhenan Bao (born 1970) is a chemical engineer.

She serves as K. K. Lee Professor of Chemical Engineering at Stanford University, with courtesy appointments in Chemistry and Material Science and Engineering.

Bao was born in Nanjing, China in 1970.

She is the daughter of a physics and chemistry professor at Nanjing University.

She studied chemistry at Nanjing University beginning in 1987.

While at Nanjing University, she worked in the laboratory of Gi Xue on gold cross-linked polymers.

In 1990, she moved to the United States, transferring to the University of Illinois at Chicago as she had family nearby.

Several months later, Bao was accepted directly into the Ph.D. program in chemistry at the University of Chicago, without the completion of her bachelor's degree, owing to two awards she won while an undergraduate at Nanjing University.

At the University of Chicago, as one of the first graduate students of Luping Yu, Bao applied palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions towards the synthesis of conductive and liquid crystalline polymers.

Bao received a Master of Science in chemistry in 1993 and a Doctor of Philosophy in chemistry in 1995, both from the University of Chicago.

Upon the completion of her Ph.D., Bao received an offer to join the University of California, Berkeley as a postdoctoral scholar, but instead chose to join the Materials Research Department at Lucent Technologies' Bell Labs.

At Bell Labs, she developed the first all-plastic transistor, or organic field-effect transistor, which allows for use in electronic paper.

It was also during this time when Jan Hendrik Schön published a series of papers claiming major breakthroughs involving semiconductors, two of which included Bao as a coauthor.

Schön's papers were ultimately retracted due to fraud, but Bao was cleared of allegations of misconduct.

She was named a Distinguished Member of Technical Staff at Bell Labs in 2001.

In 2004, she returned to academia by joining the faculty at Stanford University where she is now focusing on studying organic semiconductor and carbon nanotubes using new fabrication methods.

Recent work in the lab includes developing electronic skin and all-carbon solar cells.

Bao is a co-founder and on the board of directors for C3 Nano and PyrAmes Health, both of which are Silicon Valley venture-funded startup companies.

She serves as an advising Partner for Fusion Venture Capital.

Bao and her team of researchers at Stanford University have several current projects in her research group as of 2022.

Utilizing a “newly created printing method”, Bao and her team have developed skin-like integrated circuits.

This new material can be used for “on-skin sensors, body-scale networks and implantable bioelectronics.” The process used for developing these materials is known as photolithography which, when combined with novel photochemistries can generate the flexible materials.

In conjunction with Karl Deisseroth, Bao has developed biocompatible polymers that can be used to “modulate the properties of target cells”.

These cell-modulating biocompatible polymers alter certain properties of neurons and can either inhibit or boost neuronal firing.

This technology can be used as a tool for exploration to better understand diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

One of her major mentors was Elsa Reichmanis, who was the department director at Bell Labs.

She is married and has two children.

She served as the Department Chair of Chemical Engineering from 2018 to 2022.

Bao is known for her work on organic field-effect transistors and organic semiconductors, for applications including flexible electronics and electronic skin.