Pauline Phillips

Pauline Esther Phillips (born Friedman; July 4, 1918 – January 16, 2013), also known as Abigail Van Buren, was an American advice columnist and radio show host who began the well-known "Dear Abby" newspaper column in 1956.

It became the most widely syndicated newspaper column in the world, syndicated in 1,400 newspapers with 110 million readers.

They were married in a double wedding ceremony on July 2, 1939, two days before their 21st birthday.

Pauline married Morton Phillips of Minneapolis, and had son Edward and daughter Jeanne.

This attitude carried over into her column in the late 1950s, and she considered women "faintly ridiculous" if they were unable to make their marriages work.

Her "code of conduct" was "husband and children first."

In her later years, she did not avoid suggesting divorce when a relationship became "intolerable", and considered how a bad marriage might affect children: "When kids see parents fighting, or even sniping at each other, I think it is terribly damaging."

Phillips supported gay rights, and Season 1, episode 8 of the podcast “Making Gay History” is about her.

Both Phillips and her sister enjoyed socializing with celebrities, and because of their notoriety, celebrities liked being seen with either of them.

Among Phillips' friends soon after she began her column were politicians, including Senators Hubert Humphrey and Herbert Lehman; and entertainers, including Jerry Lewis and Dean Martin.

They also admired Bishop Fulton Sheen, whom they met when learning about Catholicism while studying about other religions.

The bishop admired them both in return due to their ability to remain "unawed" and unaffected by the fame of others.

Phillips was Jewish, and she commented: "He's one of the greatest men I ever met, but he'll be a Jew before I'm a Catholic."

Lederer had become Ann Landers in 1955, and Phillips soon followed suit by launching her own advice column.

Phillips graduated from Central High School in Sioux City and Morningside College, where she studied journalism and psychology.

She and her twin sister wrote a joint gossip column for the college newspaper.

Phillips' writing career began in January 1956 when she was 37 and new to the San Francisco area.

She phoned the editor of the San Francisco Chronicle and said that she could write a better advice column than the one that she had been reading in the newspaper.

After hearing her modest credentials, editor Stanleigh Arnold gave her some letters in need of answers and told her to bring back her replies in a week; Phillips got her replies back to the Chronicle in an hour and a half.

In an interview with Larry King, she said that she had no work experience, lacking even a social security number.

The editor, however, asked if she was a professional writer.

He said that her writing was "fabulous', and she was hired that day.

She went by the pen name Abigail Van Buren, combining the Old Testament prophetess from 1 Samuel with President Martin Van Buren.

Her twin sister was the author of the Ann Landers column, and the competition created acrimony between them for many years.

In 1956, Phillips offered her column to the Sioux City Journal at a reduced price, provided that the paper refuse to print her sister's column.

They became "the most widely read and most quoted women in the world" in 1958, according to Life magazine.

Newspapers had included gossip and personal columnists for more than a century, but the two sisters added "something special", according to Life, in that they were the first to publish letters and replies covering a wide range of personal problems, replying with "vaudeville punch lines" rooted in common sense.

The editor of the Chicago Sun-Times described their skill as "beyond mere shrewdness—a quality very close to genuine wisdom."

"With her comic and flinty yet fundamentally sympathetic voice, Mrs. Phillips helped wrestle the advice column from its weepy Victorian past into a hard-nosed 20th-century present."

Phillips stated that she did not publish the most sensitive letters that she received, but instead replied to them individually.

Sometimes she would write a brief note on the letter itself, letting one of her secretaries respond fully using her advice.

If a person seemed suicidal from their letter, she would call them on the phone.

Phillips was considered "the embodiment of female orthodoxy."

From 1963 to 1975, Phillips also hosted a daily Dear Abby program on CBS Radio.

TV anchorwoman Diane Sawyer calls her the "pioneering queen of salty advice".

She was also the paternal stepgrandmother of U.S. Congressman Dean Phillips.

Pauline Friedman, nicknamed "Popo", was born in Sioux City, Iowa, to Russian Jewish immigrants Rebecca (née Rushall) and Abraham B. Friedman, owner of a chain of movie theaters.

She was the youngest of four sisters and grew up in Sioux City.

Her identical twin Esther Pauline Friedman (married name Lederer) was columnist Ann Landers.

The sisters ostensibly reconciled in 1964 but remained competitors.