Olivia Frank

Olivia Jane Frank (1956–2023) was a transgender woman who served as an Israel Defense Forces officer and became an intelligence agent for the Mossad after being recruited by David Kimche.

She infiltrated the Abu Nidal Organization and assisted in the pursuit of the perpetrators and accomplices of the Munich massacre.

Born to a Jewish mother and a non-Jewish father, Frank was assigned male at birth.

She grew up in Gorton, Manchester, England.

She travelled to Israel as a teenager in 1974 to join the Israel Defense Forces, using a forged women's passport.

Frank became an IDF Officer, taking part in Night Raids and receiving counterterrorism and intelligence training.

She was likely recruited by David Kimche to infiltrate the Abu Nidal Organization in 1985, which had connections to a German right-wing extremist group.

The "Wehrsportgruppe Hoffman" had around 400 members and were found to have illegal weapons and nazi paraphernalia.

One of the people associated with the organisation committed the Oktoberfest bombing.

Among other intelligence work, she was send to infiltrate the group in Munich.

A few weeks later, two bombs were put on her body by a man named 'Konrad', who send her into the homes of Jewish families.

She managed to set off a distress call, and was extracted by Israeli intelligence.

'Konrad', whose real name is Karl-Heinz Hoffmann, as well as many members of his faction, were arrested by German police.

He was later sentenced for a 9.5 year prison sentence for other crimes, three of which he served.

After her return to England, she alleged that she was prosecuted on made-up charges due to a rift between British and Israeli Intelligence, and alleged that she was subsequently recruited into MI5.

The British Ministry of Justice refused to comment.

Frank had not seen Hoffman since 1985, when he placed two remote-controlled bombs on her body and sent her into a home of Jews from Munich.

She was reportedly saved when David Kimche's Mossad team disarmed the explosives.

After her death, her Jewish identity was verified by Israeli intelligence in order to faciliate a Jewish burial.

Her burial was complicated because Frank was a "meis mitzvah," that is, a Jew with no living relatives whose burial had to be financed through charity.

However, her identity and past work could be confirmed through an anonymous source in the Israeli intelligence community.

As Jewish religious law does not recognise transition, the masculine version of the burial prayer was used.

However, the ritual washing of the body was done by women, in the hope of following the deceased's wishes.

She published a memoir about the life in 2019, The Mossad Spy.

She claimed that someone connected to British intelligence attempted to bribe her with 50.000 £, to not publish the book.

In the aftermath, Tablet reported that she had identified Karl-Heinz Hoffmann as the man she had known as Konrad after seeing his face in a 2019 Tablet article.