Nancy Ling Perry

Nancy Ling Perry (September 19, 1947 – May 17, 1974, born Nancy Ling) was also known as Nancy Devoto, Lynn Ledworth, and Fahizah while a founding member of the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA), a small leftist terrorist group based in northern California.

Considered one of its chief theorists and activists, she died in a shootout with the Los Angeles Police Department at an SLA safehouse in that city.

Nancy Ling was born in San Francisco in 1947 to an upper-middle-class family.

She attended Montgomery High School in Santa Rosa, where she was a cheerleader.

She also served as a Sunday school teacher at her church.

In 1964, while in high school, she was a campaign worker for Barry Goldwater.

While in high school, Ling was also involved in Job's Daughters (Bethel #16) and served as their Honored Queen.

She began university at Whittier College.

After a few semesters at Whittier, however, she transferred to the University of California, Berkeley.

At Berkeley she majored in English.

Ling met Black jazz musician Gilbert Perry when he was working for a state employment office, and the couple were married December 26, 1967.

Married for six years, they had a relationship described as a "love-hate affair".

It ended when Gilbert left Nancy, but she remained deeply interested in black culture.

Retaining her married name, Ling Perry worked as a topless blackjack dealer in San Francisco.

During this period, she was deeply involved in using psychedelic drugs and amphetamines.

Perry became politically active and joined other students serving in a university-sponsored prisoner outreach program through the Black Cultural Association (BCA) at Vacaville Prison.

The program was organized by Colston Westbrook, a professor at University of California, Berkeley.

At Vacaville, Perry formed a relationship with black inmate Donald DeFreeze, who was active at the prison.

He was given permission to see her in conjugal visits.

This was unusual, as authorities generally authorized such visits only for married couples.

DeFreeze was transferred to Soledad Prison for good behavior.

He escaped from there in March 1973 and made his way to Oakland, where he contacted Russ Little and some other white associates he had met through the BCA at Vacaville.

Little put him in touch with Patricia Soltysik, and he started living at her apartment.

They formed a sexual relationship and were co-founders of what became the Symbionese Liberation Army.

Perry is also considered a co-founder.

Others in the small group were Thero Wheeler, a black convict who escaped from Vacaville in August 1973; Chicano Joe Remiro (classified as white by the New York Times), and Angela Atwood, another white woman.

They were soon joined by a white married couple, Emily Harris and her husband William.

All but DeFreeze, Wheeler and Remiro were white and mostly educated, from middle and upper-class families.

With Soltysik, Perry is considered to have been a chief theorist and driver of the SLA.

He believed it was the wrong direction, and withdrew in October 1973 with his heiress girlfriend Mary Alice Siem.

After the two separated, he lived as a fugitive for two years before being apprehended.

The SLA first made headlines by claiming credit for the murder on November 6, 1973, of Marcus Foster, Superintendent of Oakland Public Schools.

He was the first black superintendent of any major urban school system.

This act outraged the black community, which had strongly admired him.

In a public statement, the unknown group SLA claimed that the bullets used were tipped with the poison cyanide.

This was confirmed by the city coroner and the police realized they had a new group to monitor.

She was the only one to identify publicly as SLA, and wrote a five-page letter to The San Francisco Chronicle in 1974 affirming this.

Initially Wheeler and Remiro, a veteran, began training the whites in the use of weapons.

None had any experience with them.

Wheeler was increasingly opposed to the radical plans for violence formed by SLA leaders.