Mariannette Miller-Meeks

Mariannette Jane Miller-Meeks (born September 6, 1955) is an American physician and politician serving as a U.S. representative since 2021, representing Iowa's 1st congressional district.

Her district, numbered as the 2nd district in her first term, includes most of Iowa's southeastern quadrant, including Davenport, Bettendorf, Burlington, and Iowa City.

Miller-Meeks was born in Herlong, California, in 1955.

She enlisted in the United States Army at the age of 18 and served for 24 years, including as a nurse, physician, and member of the United States Army Reserve.

She retired at the rank of lieutenant colonel.

A first-generation college student, Miller-Meeks earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree from Texas Christian University, a Master of Science in education from the University of Southern California, and a Doctor of Medicine from University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.

Hart contested the certified result through a petition with the Committee on House Administration under the 1969 Federal Contested Elections Act, which sets forth procedures for contesting state election results in the House under the Constitution.

Hart did not contest the election in Iowa's courts.

In her petition, Hart contended, without evidence, that 22 legally cast votes were not counted.

Had they been counted, per her petition, she would have won the race by nine votes.

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi provisionally seated Miller-Meeks on January 3, 2021, pending adjudication of Hart's petition.

The Committee on House Administration reviewed Hart's petition, and Pelosi claimed the House had the authority to expel Miller-Meeks, but on March 31, Hart withdrew her challenge.

Miller-Meeks operated a private ophthalmology practice in Ottumwa, Iowa, until 2008.

She also served as the first female president of the Iowa Medical Society.

She was the first woman on the faculty of the University of Iowa's department of ophthalmology and visual sciences, and worked as a representative from Iowa to the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Miller-Meeks was the Republican nominee for Iowa's 2nd congressional district in 2008, 2010 and 2014, losing to Dave Loebsack in all three races.

In 2010, Governor Terry Branstad appointed Miller-Meeks director of the Iowa Department of Public Health; she resigned in 2014 to run for Congress.

In her 2014 campaign, Miller-Meeks opposed the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare).

She also stated her opposition to legalized abortion except in cases of rape, incest, or harm to the mother.

She opposed same-sex marriage.

She criticized EPA regulation of waterways and coal plants, saying it creates uncertainty for farmers.

When Mark Chelgren announced he was not running for reelection, she ran for Iowa Senate, District 41 in 2018, defeating Democratic nominee Mary Stewart.

Miller-Meeks and Michelle Fischbach are the only Republican members of Congress to flip Democratic House districts that were not held by Republicans in the 115th Congress before 2018.

Miller-Meeks ran for reelection, this time in Iowa's 1st congressional district, for the 2022 elections.

During redistricting, her home in Ottumwa was drawn into the neighboring 3rd district, but almost all of her former territory was drawn into the 1st, effectively trading district numbers with fellow Republican freshman Ashley Hinson.

While members of the House are only required to live in the state they represent, Miller-Meeks moved to Le Claire, near Davenport.

Miller-Meeks defeated Democratic nominee Christina Bohannan in the November 2022 general election.

Miller-Meeks, along with all other Senate and House Republicans, voted against the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021.

On May 19, 2021, Miller-Meeks was one of 35 Republicans who joined all Democrats in voting to approve legislation to establish the January 6, 2021 commission meant to investigate the storming of the U.S. Capitol.

A member of the Republican Party, Miller-Meeks served as Iowa state senator for the 41st district from 2019 to 2021.

Miller-Meeks ran three unsuccessful campaigns for the U.S. House against Dave Loebsack.

Her term in the Iowa Senate began January 14, 2019.

When Loebsack retired in 2020, she ran again and defeated Rita Hart by a margin of six votes.

She was reelected in 2022 by a margin of nearly seven percentage points.

Miller-Meeks ran to represent Iowa's 2nd congressional district again in 2020, following Loebsack's retirement.

She won the June 2 Republican primary election, defeating former Illinois Congressman Bobby Schilling.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, she said she "practices social distancing, wears a mask in public and sanitizes her hands" but does not support face mask mandates.

She faced the Democratic nominee, former state senator Rita Hart, in the November general election.

After Loebsack announced his retirement, journalists and election forecasters labeled the 2nd congressional district a swing district.

Miller-Meeks defeated Hart in the general election by six votes, making this the closest election in 2020 and flipping Iowa's 2nd Congressional District from Democratic to Republican control in one of the closest races in 100 years; the state certified the victory.