Konstantinos Mitsotakis

His grandfather (1845–1898), a lawyer, journalist and short-time MP of then Ottoman-ruled Crete, founded the Liberal Party, then "Party of the Barefeet" (Κόμμα των Ξυπολήτων) with Venizelos, and married the latter's sister, Katigo Venizelou, Constantine's grandmother.

The 1878 Pact of Halepa, granting an Ottoman Crete a certain level of autonomy, was signed in his very home.

His father (1883–1944), also MP for Chania in the Greek Parliament (1915–20) and leader of the Cretan volunteers fighting with the Greek army in the First Balkan War, married Stavroula Ploumidaki, daughter of, the first Christian mayor of Chania and an MP at the time of the Cretan State, himself a first cousin of Eleftherios Venizelos.

Konstantinos Mitsotakis (Κωνσταντίνος Μητσοτάκης, Konstantínos Mitsotákis ; 31 October 1918 – 29 May 2017) was a Greek politician who was Prime Minister of Greece from 1990 to 1993.

He graduated in law and economics from the University of Athens.

Mitsotakis was born on 31 October 1918 in Halepa suburb, Chania, Crete, into an already powerful political family, linked to the distinguished statesman Eleftherios Venizelos on both sides.

Mitsotakis was elected to the Greek Parliament for the first time in 1946, standing for the Liberal Party in his native prefecture of Chania, Crete.

He followed most of the old Liberal Party into Georgios Papandreou's Center Union in 1961.

But in 1965 he led a group of dissidents, known as the "July apostates", who crossed the floor to bring about the fall of, which earned him the long-time hatred of Papandreou loyalists as well as a significant part of Greek society.

He and Andreas Papandreou, the son of Georgios Papandreou, dominated Greek politics for the next decade: their mutual dislike dated back to the fall of Georgios Papandreou's government in 1965.

He was arrested in 1967 by the military junta but managed to escape to Turkey with a help of Turkish foreign minister İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil and lived in exile with his family in Paris, France, until his return to Greece in 1974, following the restoration of democracy.

In 1974 he campaigned as an independent and failed to be elected to Parliament.

He was re-elected in 1977 as founder and leader of the small Party of New Liberals and in 1978 he merged his party with Constantine Karamanlis's New Democracy (ND) party.

He served as Minister for Coordination from 1978 to 1980, and as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1980 to 1981.

The ND government was defeated by Andreas Papandreou's PASOK in 1981, and in 1984 Mitsotakis succeeded Evangelos Averoff as ND leader.

Mitsotakis soundly defeated Papandreou, embroiled in the Bank of Crete scandal, in the June 1989 election.

PASOK lost 36 seats in one of the largest defeats of a sitting government in modern Greek history.

However, in a controversial move, Papandreou's government had modified the election system just two months earlier, to require a party to win 50 percent of the vote in order to govern alone.

Thus, even though ND was the clear first-place party, with 20 more seats than PASOK, it only won 44 percent of the vote, leaving it six seats short of a majority.

After Mitsotakis failed to garner enough support to form a government, Court of Cassation president Yannis Grivas became acting prime minister and presided over new elections in November 1989.

This election yielded the same result as in June.

ND finished 20 seats ahead of PASOK, but only won 46.2 percent of the vote and came up three seats short of a majority.

The result was the same as the two 1989 elections.

ND won a landslide victory, finishing 27 seats ahead of PASOK.

However, Mitsotakis was still unable to govern alone, as ND won 150 seats, one short of a majority.

Finally, the lone MP from Democratic Renewal agreed to a coalition with ND, allowing Mitsotakis to form government by one seat.

In social policy family benefits were introduced for families with 3 children or more.

Former Bank of Greece president Xenophon Zolotas became interim prime minister and presided over fresh elections in April 1990.

IKA pension replacement rates, however, were reduced from 80% to 60%, while the retirement age was raised to 65 for both men and women who entered the workforce in 1993.

Mitsotakis's government moved swiftly to cut government spending as much as possible, privatise state enterprises and reform the civil service.

His first daughter, Dora Bakoyannis, ND Member of Parliament, founder and president of Democratic Alliance party, was the mayor of Athens (2003–2006) and the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2009.

His second daughter Alexandra Mitsotakis Gourdain is a Greek civil society activist.

His third daughter is Katerina Mitsotakis.

Mitsotakis's interests outside politics included Cretan antiquities and a passion for preserving the environment.

He developed a large collection of Minoan and other Cretan antiquities, which he and his wife donated to the Greek state.

He was also very interested in promoting reforesting of Greece, including in particular the mountains of Crete.

Mitsotakis was married to Marika Mitsotakis (née Giannoukou) from 1953 until her death on 6 May 2012.

They had four children.

His son, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, is the Prime Minister of Greece and since January 2016 leader of the conservative New Democracy party (a position previously held by Mitsotakis), and was a government minister in 2013–15.

His son, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, was elected as the Prime Minister of Greece following the 2019 Greek legislative election.