Jim Sensenbrenner

Frank James Sensenbrenner Jr. (born June 14, 1943) is an American politician who represented Wisconsin's 5th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1979 to 2021 (numbered as the 9th district until 2003).

He is a member of the Republican Party.

He is the former chairman of the House Science Committee and the former chairman of the House Judiciary Committee; when the Republicans lost control of the House, he finished his six-year term as chairman and was not chosen as the Judiciary Committee's ranking minority member (that honor went to Lamar S. Smith of Texas).

Sensenbrenner was raised in Shorewood, Wisconsin, and attended the private Milwaukee Country Day School, from which he graduated in 1961.

He matriculated at Stanford University, graduating with a B.A. in political science in 1965.

He received a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Wisconsin Law School in 1968.

Sensenbrenner served as staff assistant to California U.S. Congressman J. Arthur Younger and Wisconsin State Senator Jerris Leonard.

Sensenbrenner was elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1968, the same year he graduated from law school.

He served in the State Assembly until 1975, and in the Wisconsin State Senate from 1975 to early 1979.

When 9th District Congressman Bob Kasten vacated his seat to run for governor in 1978, Sensenbrenner ran in the election to succeed him in what was then the 9th District, which covered most of Milwaukee's northern and western suburbs.

He defeated his primary opponent, State Assemblywoman Susan Engeleiter, by 589 votes with a plurality of 43%.

He defeated Democratic lawyer Matt Flynn in November 1978 with 61% and was reelected 20 more times with no substantive opposition, sometimes running unopposed in what has long been the most Republican district in Wisconsin.

He was also one of the impeachment managers for three other impeachment trials (all for federal judges): the 1989 trial of Walter Nixon, the 2009 trial of Samuel B. Kent, and the 2010 trial of Thomas Porteous.

In 1998, Sensenbrenner was one of the House managers (prosecutors) in the 1999 impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton.

His district was renumbered as the 5th after the 2000 census, when Wisconsin lost a district.

He never won re-election with less than 62% of the vote.

Sensenbrenner introduced the USA PATRIOT Act to the House on October 23, 2001.

Although the primary author was Assistant Attorney General of the United States Viet Dinh, Sensenbrenner has been recognized as "one of the architects of the Patriot Act".

In fact, his worst two re-elections were in 2004, when he defeated UW-Milwaukee professor Bryan Kennedy with 67% of the vote, and in 2006 defeated him in a rematch with 62%.

In November 2004, Sensenbrenner and California Congressman Duncan L. Hunter objected to provisions of a bill that created the 9/11 Commission.

In 2005, Sensenbrenner authored the Real ID Act, which requires scrutiny of citizenship before issuing drivers' licenses to make it more difficult for terrorists and criminals to alter their identities by counterfeiting documents.

He attached the controversial act as a rider on military spending bill HR418, which the Senate passed without debate.

On June 17, 2005, Sensenbrenner, the chair of the House Judiciary Committee, ended a meeting where Republicans and Democrats were debating the renewal of the USA PATRIOT Act and walked out in response to Democratic members discussing human rights violations at the Guantanamo Bay detainment camp and the ongoing Iraq War.

He ordered the court reporter to halt transcription of the proceedings and C-SPAN to shut off its cameras.

Sensenbrenner defended his actions by stating that the Democrats and witnesses had violated House rules in discussing issues unrelated to the subject of the meeting.

Democrats have claimed that his walkout was contrary to House parliamentary procedure, which is to adjourn either on motion or without objection.

In 2006, the NRA successfully lobbied Sensenbrenner to add a provision to the Patriot Act re-authorization that requires Senate confirmation of ATF director nominees.

He served as the ranking Republican on the House Select Committee for Energy Independence and Global Warming from 2007 to 2011 before Republicans abolished the committee after regaining control of the House.

At the time of his retirement, Sensenbrenner was the most senior member of the Wisconsin delegation and the second most senior member in the House.

In June 2013, Sensenbrenner objected to the FBI and NSA's use of the PATRIOT Act to routinely collect phone metadata from millions of Americans without any suspicion of wrongdoing.

He said:

"The Bureau's broad application for phone records was made under the so-called business records provision of the Act. I do not believe the broadly drafted FISA order is consistent with the requirements of the Patriot Act. Seizing phone records of millions of innocent people is excessive and un-American."

He released a statement saying: "While I believe the Patriot Act appropriately balanced national security concerns and civil rights, I have always worried about potential abuses."

He also criticized the PRISM program, stating that the Patriot Act did not authorize the program.

Sensenbrenner supported the Amash–Conyers Amendment, a plan to defund the NSA's telephone surveillance program.

Sensenbrenner announced in September 2019 that he would not run for re-election in 2020.

Sensenbrenner was born in Chicago, Illinois.

His great-grandfather, Frank J. Sensenbrenner, was involved in the early marketing of Kotex sanitary napkin and served as the second president of Kimberly-Clark.

His grandfather, John S. Sensenbrenner, also spent his entire career working for Kimberly-Clark.

On September 4, 2019, he announced that he would not seek a 22nd term in office and would retire from Congress at the conclusion of the 116th Congress.