Jerry Donohue

Jerry Donohue (June 12, 1920 – February 13, 1985) was an American theoretical and physical chemist.

He is best remembered for steering James D. Watson and Francis Crick towards the correct structure of DNA with some crucial information.

Donohue was born in Sheboygan, Wisconsin and studied for his first two degrees at Dartmouth College, where he earned his A.B. in 1941 and his M.A. in 1943.

He worked on his PhD under Linus Pauling at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), earning his doctorate in 1947.

Donohue remained at Caltech until 1952.

Throughout his life Donohue specialized in crystal structures and analysis, specifically of molecules relating to biology and hydrogen-bonding.

In 1952, Donohue was given a Guggenheim Foundation grant to study at Cambridge University for 6 months.

He shared an office with Francis Crick and James D. Watson.

In his work to determine the structure of DNA, Watson had been using structure for guanine from a monograph by James N. Davidson.

Davidson had depicted these bases in the enol configuration and Watson used this structure in an unsuccessful 'like-with-like' pairing of the bases.

Donohue informed Watson that the published structure was just a guess and that the keto structure was more likely, based on a publication of June Broomhead and quantum mechanical calculations.

Within a few days, Watson and Crick were able to build their famous model for DNA.

In their famous article by Watson and Crick in Nature that proposed the structure of DNA, the following acknowledgment to Donohue appears: "We are much indebted to Dr. Jerry Donohue for constant advice and criticism, especially on interatomic distances".

After Cambridge, Donohue became Assistant Professor of Chemistry at the University of Southern California (USC) where he continued to specialize in hydrogen-bonding.

He also studied sulfur-containing compounds and began to publish papers more extensively on crystallography and crystal structures.

USA'', 40(6), 377–381 (1954).

J. Donohue and K. Trueblood.

The crystal structure of p-nitroaniline.

Acta Crystallogr., 9, 960-965 (1956).

J. Donohue, A. Caron, and E. Goldish.

Crystal Structure of Rhombohedral Sulphur.

Nature, 182, 518 (1958).

J. Donohue.

Crystal Structure of Helium Isotopes.

''Phys.

Rev.'', 114, 1009 (1959).

J. Donohue.

From 1963-1966, he was chairman of the USC Chemistry Department.

In 1966, Donohue joined the chemistry faculty of the University of Pennsylvania (Penn) as the Rhodes-Thompson Professor of Chemistry.

In 1974, he published his book The Structures of the Elements.

He retired from his Penn position because of ill-health in 1985, and died that same year from cancer.

Donohue was married to Patricia Schreier.

They had a son and a daughter.

His leisure-time interests included sea shells and horticulture.

J. Donohue.

Radial Distribution Functions of Some Structures of the Polypeptide Chain.

''Proc.

Natl.

Acad.

Sci.