Horace Evans, 1st Baron Evans

Horace Evans, 1st Baron Evans GCVO (1 January 1903 – 26 October 1963) was a Welsh general physician known for serving the British royal family.

The son of musician Harry Evans, Evans left his studies in music at age 18 years to pursue a career in medicine.

With Sir Arthur Ellis of the London Hospital Medical College, he worked on Bright's disease and on the relationship between nephritis (inflammation of the kidneys) and hypertension (high blood pressure).

By the age of 18 years, he decided on a career in medicine, and with a science scholarship, studied at the London Hospital medical college from 1921 to 1928.

In 1925, he acquired the conjoint diploma of MRCS, LRCP.

This inspiration to pursue a career in medicine possibly came from his grandfather who was a pharmacist.

Becoming assistant to the medical unit at the London Hospital by 1929, Evans developed a close connection with Sir Arthur Ellis and Clifford Wilson.

However, his first attempt at MRCP was not successful and he had to retake in 1930.

During the same year he acquired an MD. His first job was as house physician to Sir Arthur and he was supported by Sir Arthur right from the beginning of his career.

He then gained a wide range of clinical experience by taking up posts in surgery, obstetrics, anaesthetics and pathology.

By 1933, Evans was the medical unit's assistant director.

He was selected as assistant physician at the London Hospital in 1936.

During the war, this research was presented by Sir Arthur in the Croonian lectures of 1941 at the Royal College of Physicians.

Eden had been unwell with upper abdominal pains since 1945.

Frequent attacks of pain requiring strong painkillers and periods of rest prompted more extensive investigations.

An X-ray demonstrated gallstones, and Eden being an important politician, the royal physician was called for advice.

In light of recurrent biliary tract infections, Evans recommended an operation.

Evans continued his career at the London Hospital and became physician to Queen Mary in 1946, following the death of Lord Dawson of Penn and at the recommendation of Lord Webb-Johnson, president of the Royal College of Surgeons.

By 1947, he was full physician.

Together with Sir Arthur, they became renowned for their work on Bright's disease and the link between hypertension and nephritis.

He was later physician to her son, King George VI from 1949, receiving a knighthood (Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order) in the same year.

Evans was the personal physician to King George VI and conferred with Sir Clement Price Thomas during the king's illness and famous lung surgery in 1951.

According to historian Peter Hennessy, Evans was "probably the leading general physician of his generation".

His younger brother, Hubert, became a diplomat, ambassador to Nicaragua between 1952 and 1954.

His family soon moved to Liverpool when his father was offered the role of conductor of the Liverpool Welsh Choral Union and therefore Evans was sent to Liverpool College for his education.

Following the death of his father, he took up studies at the Guildhall School of Music at the age of 12 years and subsequently went to the City of London School.

However, in 1953, he referred foreign minister Anthony Eden for an operation, from which Eden's health never fully recovered, an operation which has been the subject of much discussion.

The gallbladder operation of Anthony Eden in 1953 has prompted much debate.

Three surgeons were recommended and the ultimate decision, taken by Eden, was that John Basil Hume, surgeon from St Bartholomew's Hospital was to perform the surgery in 1953.

Hume had previously performed Eden's appendectomy.

It is agreed that the initial operation resulted in biliary tract damage, a complication well recognised at the time, and much corrective surgery was needed later by Richard Cattell, again a recommendation of Evans.

That the surgery should be done in the United States was objected to by Winston Churchill, who felt that if the king had his operation on a "kitchen table'," Eden could at least have his in a London hospital, but Evans and Cattell visited them at 10 Downing Street and agreed the transfer abroad.

During the Suez Crisis, Evans was consulted on numerous occasions by Eden.

and to her granddaughter, Queen Elizabeth II, from 1957.

In addition, in 1957 he was created Baron Evans, of Merthyr Tydfil in the County of Glamorgan.

Evans was part of the team that looked after King George VI during his ill health with lung problems and up until his death.

On Eden's visit to New Zealand in 1957, Evans made notes for doctors should he require medical assistance whilst abroad:

One of his daughters died in an accident at a young age and both Evans and his wife died in 1963, leaving the barony extinct.

Evans was born and grew up in Dowlais near Merthyr Tydfil, the son of the prominent musician Harry Evans and Edith Gwendolen (née Rees).

He received his early education at Liverpool College.