Gloria Molina

Jesús Gloria Molina (May 31, 1948 – May 14, 2023) was an American politician who served as a member of the Los Angeles City Council, the California State Assembly, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors and the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.

Molina was born on May 31, 1948, in Montebello, California, to Leonardo Castillo Molina and Concepción Molina, who immigrated to Los Angeles from Mexico.

She grew up as one of ten children in the Los Angeles suburb of Pico Rivera, attending El Rancho High School before going to East Los Angeles College and California State University, Los Angeles.

While attending college, she worked full-time as a legal secretary.

Then she became certified as an adult education instructor and taught clerical skills at the East Los Angeles Skills Center.

Molina's early career was characterized by her involvement in the Chicano movement and advocating for women's health.

An early accomplishment was when she started a Nurse Mentoring Program in an effort to address the country's shortage of nurses by partnering with local community colleges to encourage and help more students to pursue a nursing degree.

Before being elected to public office, Molina served in the Carter Administration as a deputy for presidential personnel.

After leaving the White House, she served in San Francisco as a deputy director for the Department of Health and Human Services.

Participating in the Chicano movement as a young activist, Molina entered politics in 1982, running in opposition to the powerful male-dominated Eastside political machine for a seat on the California State Assembly, becoming the first Latina elected to the Assembly.

She had a long unbeaten streak in electoral politics, becoming the first Latina elected to the Los Angeles City Council and to the Board of Supervisors, and served on the board for 23 years.

She stated to the Los Angeles Times that she had seen that men had "kept dismissing the contributions of her and other women", which was why she ran for office in 1982.

In 1982, Art Torres vacated his seat in California's 56th State Assembly district due to redistricting, with Torres and Assemblymember Richard Alatorre making Richard Polanco run in the district.

Molina had approached the two about running in the district, but was told that she could not since Polanco was running.

She ran anyway, and defeated Polcano to become the first Latina woman to be elected in the California State Legislature.

Her win would set the stage for a political feud between Torres and Molina, with supporters being called the Torristas and Molinistas.

While on the council, Molina feuded with Richard Alatorre, who had been elected to the council in 1985.

In 1986, the 1st district of the Los Angeles City Council was vacant due to incumbent Howard Finn's death, and the City Council decided that the district would be moved from the San Fernando Valley to Eastside Los Angeles.

Now in a largely Latino district, Molina announced her candidacy for the special election.

She was mainly challenged by Larry Gonzalez, a member of the Los Angeles Board of Education.

In the election, she defeated Gonzalez and two others by a landslide, making her the first Latina woman to be elected to the City Council.

She was succeeded in the State Assembly by Lucille Roybal-Allard.

In 1990, Peter F. Schabarum decided not to run for re-election for the 1st district of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors, but served an extra three months while the board redistricted under court orders to create a majority-Latino district.

That year, Molina announced that she would be running for the seat, being challenged by U.S. Representative Matthew G. Martínez and Art Torres.

The runoff election was between Molina and Torres, with Torres having a lead in fundraising for his campaign.

Although Molina was at a disadvantage financially, she still defeated Torres to become the first Latina to be elected to the Board of Supervisors.

At her first meeting, she was described as "[giving] hints of the in-your-face approach that sometimes characterized her years on the City Council."

During her 23 years serving the Los Angeles County board of supervisors, she became known as a fiscal watchdog committed to overseeing good government reforms, maintenance of the county's public health care system, and also quality-of-life issues for the millions of county residents living in the unincorporated areas.

One of Molina's significant achievements was her involvement with the Mothers of East Los Angeles, a group formed to organize against a proposed plan to build a prison in East LA.

As city councilwoman, she found government unresponsive to her concerns of yet another proposal to build a prison near schools in the predominantly Chicano and Mexican neighborhood.

In the mid-2000s she drove through skid row looking for families with children and would call the Department of Family and Children Services, to help families and remove children from unsafe conditions.

In 2008, Molina piloted a program that became known as the Gloria Molina Foster Youth Education Program.

This program attempted to improve the high school graduation rates of students in the foster care system.

By committing social workers to aid in helping manage and track these students' academic success the program was able to raise the graduation rate from the national average of 58% to 80%.

When Molina retired from her supervisor position in 2014 because of term limits, she stated that one of her biggest regrets was that she was not able to do more to improve the high school graduation rates amongst fostered youth.

In 2014, facing a term limit on the Board of Supervisors, Molina announced that she was challenging 14th district incumbent José Huizar for his seat on the City Council.

She had stated that she had considered retirement before being asked to run from various people, and criticized Huizar for not heeding his constituents.

After terming out on the board, Molina ran again for the Los Angeles City Council in 2015, but was defeated by incumbent José Huizar.

Molina was considered a trailblazer and helped revitalize Los Angeles's Grand Park and support the LA Plaza de Cultura y Artes project, and has been said to have paved the way for future women and Latina politicians.

Grand Park in Los Angeles was re-named Gloria Molina Grand Park after her death in 2023.