Galyani Vadhana

In 1944, Galyani Vadhana renounced her royal status in order to Marry Colonel Aram Rattanakul Serireongrit (24 August 1920 – 3 February 1982), the son of General Luang Serireongrit (Charun Rattanakun Seriroengrit), a former Army commander-in-chief who led the invasion of the Shan States during World War II.

In 1969, Galyani Vadhana married Prince Varananda Dhavaj (19 August 1922 – 15 September 1990), son of Prince Chudadhuj Dharadilok, Prince of Bejraburna and Mom Ravi Kayananda.

They had no children.

Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas (กัลยาณิวัฒนา; ; 6 May 1923 – 2 January 2008) was a princess of Thailand and the elder sister of King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) and King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX).

She was also a direct granddaughter of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), and aunt of King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X).

Galyani Vadhana was born on 6 May 1923 in London, England, the only daughter of Prince Mahidol Adulyadej of Songkla, the 69th son of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and seventh son by Queen Savang Vadhana, and Sangwan Talapat (later known as Srinagarindra, Princess Mother).

She was initially named May Songkla and later named Her Serene Highness Galyani Vadhana Mahidol by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI).

The word "Vadhana" in her name came from her paternal grandmother, Savang Vadhana.

In 1927, King Prajadhipok (Rama VII) promoted her to the royal rank of Princess of Thailand (Her Highness).

In 1935, Galyani Vadhana attended a secondary school for girls named Ecole Superieure des Jeunes Filles de la Ville de Lausanne.

In 1938, she joined the International School of Geneva, the world's oldest international school (founded in 1924), where she lived as a boarder.

She was an excellent student, and eventually came first of her school at the final exam and third in all Switzerland.

In 1942, Galyani Vadhana continued her studies in chemistry at the University of Lausanne.

They had a daughter, Thanpuying Dhasanawalaya Ratanakul Serireongrit (later Sornsongkram) (born in 1945 in Switzerland).

This marriage ended in divorce.

She graduated with a bachelor of science degree in chemistry in 1948.

While pursuing her degree, she also studied social science and education for a Diplome de Sciences Sociales Pedagogiques, involving teacher education, literature, philosophy, and psychology.

In 1950, when her youngest brother ascended to the throne, he reinstated Vadhana's royal status.

On 6 May 1995, Galyani Vadhana's 72nd birthday, her brother King Bhumibol gave her the noble title "Kromma Luang Naradhiwas Rajanagarindra" (loosely translated, Princess of Naradhiwas), making her the only female member of the Chakri royal family to have been bestowed this title during Bhumibol's reign.

In announcing the honour, Bhumibol said, "the Princess, who was his only sister, had shared the joys and sorrows of life since their early years and was the most highly respected in that she had always given him support. Furthermore, it is a well-known fact that she has been steadfast in her devotion to the King in order that He would enjoy grace and glory."

She had represented Bhumibol in carrying out various royal duties and taken good care of their mother, which was a great relief to him.

Galyani Vadhana's royal patronage projects included traditional Thai arts, education, sports, and social welfare.

She was president or honorary president of various organisations and foundations, including the Cardiac Children's Foundation, the Princess Mother's Charity Fund, and the Autistic Foundation of Thailand.

She created her own foundation for funding the studies of young, gifted musicians.

She was a patron of various classical music foundations.

On her trips, she always gathered important and useful information shown in the royal news, giving knowledge to people.

She also wrote books, poetry, and spoke French.

She traveled widely within Thailand and abroad to represent the royal family and her country on missions.

The 300 million-baht ($10 million, £7.1 million) funeral was the first full royal funeral since 1995, when the king's mother Srinagarindra was cremated.

Galyani Vadhana was admitted to Siriraj Hospital in June 2007, suffering from abdominal pains.

The doctors found she had cancer, and she remained in the hospital for treatment.

In October 2007, doctors reported that Galyani Vadhana had suffered an infarction on the left side of her brain as a result of occlusion of a cerebral artery.

At the same time in October, King Bhumibol was treated at Siriraj after experiencing weakness on his right side; doctors later found that he had a blood shortage to his brain.

He was admitted on 13 October and discharged on 7 November.

After leaving Siriraj, he visited Galyani Vadhana at the hospital almost daily.

On 2 January 2008, the Royal Household Bureau announced that Galyani Vadhana's condition had worsened during the night of 1 January and she had died at 02:54 on 2 January, at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, aged 84.

There was to be a mourning period of 100 days starting from the day of her death.

The prime minister announced that all government officials and agencies would wear black for 15 days while the cabinet would wear black for 100 days.

The six-day ceremony and ritual started on 14 November 2008 at the Grand Palace and ended on 19 November when Galyani Vadhana's ashes were transferred to the Rangsi Vadhana Memorial, Wat Ratchabophit Sathit Maha Simaram.

On 14 December, the Royal Household Bureau released its 25th statement about Galyani Vadhana's health, saying she was feeling increasingly tired and was becoming less responsive.