Frankie Andreu

Francisco "Frankie" Andreu (born September 26, 1966) is an American former professional cyclist whose career highlights include riding as team captain of the U.S. Postal Service cycling team in 1998, 1999 and 2000.

He began his cycling career in track cycling, with Wolverine Sports Club in Detroit, winning the individual pursuit during the 1984 Junior National Track Cycling Championships in Trexlertown, Pennsylvania.

In 1985, he finished first in the Madison during the National Track Cycling Championships in Indianapolis, Indiana and second in the points race and team pursuit.

In 1988, he qualified as a member of the United States cycling team for that year's Olympic Games, where he finished eighth in the points race.

Andreu moved from track cycling to road cycling after signing to the 7-Eleven Pro Cycling Team in 1989 when he finished his first professional stage race, the Giro d'Italia.

His highest finish in the Tour de France was second during the 18th stage of the 1993 race where he was teammates with a young Lance Armstrong on the Motorola Pro cycling team.

Andreu said that he was introduced to performance-enhancing drugs in 1995 while he was riding for Motorola.

This took place after Frankie Andreu began using performance-enhancing drugs himself in 1995.

The Andreus' testimony was intended to remain sealed in court documents and is among thousands of pages of documents related to litigation between Armstrong and a Texas-based company that was attempting to withhold a $5 million bonus.

Armstrong swore under oath it didn't happen.

Frankie Andreu never offered information to media sources on the topic until court documents were released.

He then stood by his testimony when giving interviews.

During his career, he won a number of race stages and finished fourth in the cycling road race at the 1996 Olympics.

His testimony played a key part in the United States Anti-Doping Agency's investigation of fellow U.S. Postal cyclist Lance Armstrong's doping practices.

Andreu was born in Dearborn, Michigan.

Andreu finished fourth in the road race during the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta.

He is best remembered by the professional cycling community for his role as a super domestique.

In response to being asked if the 1996 claims by the Andreus were true, he responded; "Um, I’m not gonna take that on. I’m laying down on that one".

He also admitted to describing Betsy as a "crazy bitch".

Armstrong did not contest the doping charges, was banned for life from competing and was stripped of all results from August 1, 1998, onward, including his seven Tour de France titles.

In the USADA's 200 page "Reasoned decision", the hospital room incident where the Andreus heard Armstrong say to his doctor that he took performance-enhancing drugs was covered in great details in the "Addendum Part 2".

Andreu declared he knowingly received EPO injections in 1999 after races by the USPS Team doctor, Luis Garcia del Moral.

His wife, Betsy, became suspicious when she watched her husband pull Armstrong through the Alps at Sestriere during the ninth stage of the 1999 Tour, which paved the way for Armstrong to win the first of his seven titles.

She knew that Frankie was a sprinter, not a climber; normally, it would have been all he could do to finish a mountain stage.

Her suspicions were confirmed shortly after the Tour, when she found a thermos with EPO in their refrigerator.

Betsy questioned Andreu about the drugs and was very upset.

In a signed affidavit to the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), Andreu testified he responded to his wife by saying: "You don't understand. This is the only way I can keep up in the Tour."

Betsy then told her husband that if he needed to dope to be on the USPS team, he shouldn't be riding for it.

Andreu continued to ride strongly for the USPS Team in 2000 and to serve as the team's Assistant Director in 2001 and 2002.

In 2005, Andreu and his wife Betsy testified that Lance Armstrong told cancer doctors in their presence in 1996 he had doped with EPO (erythropoietin), growth hormone and steroids.

In a September 2006 interview given to The New York Times, Andreu admitted that he had taken the performance-enhancing drug erythropoietin (EPO) to help prepare for the 1999 Tour de France.

A settlement was reached in February 2006 before the three-person arbitration panel made a ruling.

As part of the settlement, SCA Promotions paid Armstrong and Tailwind Sports $7.5 million, to cover the $5-million bonus plus interest and lawyers' fees.

In a statement, Armstrong said, "It's over. We won. They lost. I was yet again completely vindicated."

Armstrong's statement also suggested that Betsy Andreu may have been confused by possible mention of his post-operative treatment which included steroids and EPO that are routinely taken to counteract wasting and red-blood-cell destroying effects of intensive chemotherapy.

In that period of time, the Andreus claim to have received threatening messages on their answering machine left by Stephanie McIlvain, the Oakley representative for Armstrong.

In one of them, she stated that she hopes someone "breaks a baseball bat over your [Betsy's] head", among other threats.

Andreu gave more details in his September 2012 USADA affidavit declaring he used EPO in 1998 as he traveled preparing for the 1999 Tour.

In 2012, the Andreus participated in the USADA investigation into Armstrong's doping practices, testifying along with 24 other witnesses, including former Armstrong teammates.

In a January 2013 interview, Lance Armstrong finally admitted that he had used performance-enhancing drugs for much of his professional career, including all seven of his Tour de France wins.