David Knights

In 1966, after Southend-on-Sea-based group The Paramounts were unable to generate any follow-up success with their UK top 40 single "Poison Ivy", the group disbanded.

Their frontman Gary Brooker decided to retire from performing and focus on songwriting, and his old friend Guy Stevens introduced him to lyricist Keith Reid.

Procol Harum were an English rock band formed in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, in 1967.

Their best-known recording is the 1967 hit single "A Whiter Shade of Pale", one of the few singles to have sold over 10 million copies.

Although noted for their baroque and classical influence, Procol Harum's music is described as psychedelic rock and proto-prog with hints of the blues, R&B, and soul.

In April 1967, after several months writing together while failing to find any artists interested in performing their songs, Brooker and Reid decided to form their own band which would use their songs as their sole material.

Brooker, in addition to vocals and the piano, was also proficient on the organ, trombone, cornet, piano accordion and Bengal flute.

Paramounts drummer Barrie "B. J." Wilson agreed to stay on and rehearse for the new group and auditions brought them bassist David Knights and two members of George Bean and the Runners, Richard Brown (guitar) and Alan Morris (organ).

But the lack of gigs and money led to the dispersal of this grouping before they even got out of the rehearsal hall, with only Knights staying on.

They next teamed with organist Matthew Fisher, who had left Screaming Lord Sutch's backing group The Savages and advertised for work.

Reid said he was right for Procol Harum just from talking to him and decided before hearing him play.

Guitarist Ray Royer was chosen after the group placed an advertisement for players and were inundated, so the band "really grilled the applicants" to find "someone with the right state of mind."

Reid said bassist David Knights had also been chosen in a similar manner to Fisher, in that he was right for the group "as a person", and had an original playing style.

Drummer Bobby Harrison completed the line-up, after the group had tried out up to nine drummers by this point.

Reid said Harrison was the first that the band "could really work with", and had a sense of humour that helped balance out the more serious personality that Reid and the rest of the band had.

The band chose Stevens as their manager.

The group named themselves after a male blue Burmese cat, which had been bred by Eleonore Vogt-Chapman and belonged to Liz Coombes, a friend.

Stevens suggested the group name themselves after the cat, which the group immediately accepted.

However, the cat's pedigree name was in fact Procul Harun, the Procul being the breeder's prefix, but the name was taken down over the telephone, leading to a misspelling.

Although people informed the band that the name is Latin for "beyond these things", this is incorrect as the correct term would be procul hīs.

In April 1967 the group entered Olympic Studios in London to record their debut single, "A Whiter Shade of Pale".

They were joined by session drummer Bill Eyden in place of Harrison (though Harrison did play on the B-side "Lime Street Blues"), producer Denny Cordell and sound engineer Keith Grant.

With a structure reminiscent of Baroque music, the song features a countermelody based on J. S. Bach's Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major (or more closely the chorale prelude "Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme" BWV 645) played by Fisher's Hammond organ.

An enthusiastic response from listeners of the pirate radio station Radio London prompted Deram Records to rush-release the single for 12 May 1967.

It was an instant worldwide success, reaching No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart for six weeks and the same spot in eleven countries.

In three weeks, it became the fastest selling record by a new group.

In the US, it peaked at No. 5 and the song has since sold over 10 million copies worldwide.

Around the same time, Cordell suggested that Jonathan Weston be brought in to co-manage the band with Stevens.

Procol Harum played their first live gig at London's Speakeasy club on the day "A Whiter Shade of Pale" was released.

They performed a set of mostly Brooker/Reid songs mixed with covers of Bob Dylan, The Rascals and Tim Rose tunes.

Jimi Hendrix was an early vocal supporter of the band and attended their first show where, at the start of their performance of Rose's "Morning Dew", he went on stage, took Knights' bass and joined in.

After 18 June, the group would not play live in the UK until the following year.

On 15 July 1967 the group announced the departure of Royer and Harrison and their split from Weston as manager.

Fisher later said that the major issue for the split with Weston was when he organised an extensive UK tour for Procol Harum too soon after the release of "A Whiter Shade of Pale", resulting in the group performing "for £60 per night instead of £500."

Following the addition of guitarist Robin Trower and the return of B. J. Wilson, the band secured new management under Tony Secunda.

The departures brought about what Brooker described as "great lawsuits and expense" from Royer, Harrison, and Weston, and initial session drummer Eyden filed his own suit.

Roughly three months into their partnership with Secunda, the band hired two Americans, Bennett Glotzer and Ronnie Lyons, to manage them in the US.

The group's follow-up single, "Homburg", was released in September 1967.

The song reached No. 6 in the UK and No. 34 in the US.

In 2018 the band was honoured by the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame when "A Whiter Shade of Pale" was inducted into the new Singles category.