Chris Cline

Chris Cline (July 5, 1958 – July 4, 2019) was an American billionaire entrepreneur and philanthropist.

He had been the majority owner of Foresight Reserves LP, headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri.

Regarded by Bloomberg as the "New King Coal", Cline was considered to have been responsible for reviving the Illinois coal industry.

His company has over three billion tons of coal reserves across Illinois and northern Appalachian Mountains.

Cline was born in Beckley, West Virginia, on July 5, 1958.

Cline's father was Paul Cline.

Cline's mother was Lassie Justice Cline.

Cline's grandfather mined for coal with a pickaxe around Beckley, West Virginia, in the early 20th century.

At the age of six, Cline's father, Paul, asked him to fill a paper bag with dirt, paying him a penny for each bag.

Cline dug the dirt from under the porch of their bungalow in Isaban, West Virginia.

His father used the dirt bags in mine-blasting.

Within two years, their porch had collapsed.

According to Cline, his father had told him to "support the roof better".

In 1980, Cline's father bought out his partner then gave the shares to Cline, who was then 21 years old.

Cline studied psychology at Marshall University in Huntington, West Virginia.

In 1980 at age 22, Cline became an underground miner.

In September 1987, Cline's first wife died from breast cancer.

He founded his own energy development company, the Cline Group in 1990.

Cline, who spent $300 million on mining rights and equipment in Illinois in the 1990s, had foreseen that the United States Environmental Protection Agency would require power plants to use scrubbers in removing pollutants, which would bring coal back into viability for electricity generation.

In 1993, Cline married Kelly, his second wife.

They divorced in 2000.

The couple had two sons and a daughter, Christopher Logan Cline, Alex Tanner Cline, and Kameron Cline.

In 2005, Cline Group built its Williamson longwall mining operation south of West Frankfort, Illinois.

In 2006 he organized Foresight Energy to manage his Illinois Basin coal rights.

The company SNL Financial reported in 2008 that Deer Run coal mine in Montgomery County, Illinois, a project of Cline's Hillsboro Energy LLC, would produce up to eight million tons annually until 2016.

In the same report, Cline's representatives stated he was aiming for an annual coal production of 60 million tons from his Illinois operations.

Illinois environmental groups and landowners attempted to block Cline's coal mine operations, and also sought to draw attention to his local political contributions.

Cline purchased a Nova Scotia metallurgical coal mine after selling off Foresight stock, as well as rights to coal reserves in Western Canada.

Cline defended coal as a source of low-cost energy, saying in a 2010 interview "As far as the social acceptability of coal, I like to think I’m part of supplying the cheapest energy in America."

In May 2011, the School of Medicine and the Department of Intercollegiate Athletics of West Virginia University received a $5 million donation from Cline through his Cline Family Foundation.

The donation created the Christopher Cline Chair in Orthopaedic Surgery and helped fund a new basketball practice facility.

In July 2011, Marshall University received a donation of $5 million from the Cline Family Foundation for sports medicine research.

Cline's first wife was Sabrina J. Holley Cline.

They had a daughter, Candice.

In 2011, Cline's daughter Candice, a director of a foundation, married James Graham Kenan.

Foresight Energy went public in 2014 on the New York Stock Exchange.

Cline sold off most of his share of Foresight in 2015, for $1.4 billion.

Illinois holds a 250-year supply of coal, providing the state with the largest recoverable coal reserve in the United States.

In 2017, the state consumed nearly $1.4 billion of coal, with coal mining operations located in 12 counties.

However, Illinois coal has too much sulfur to be burned by most power plants because of pollution control requirements.