Mary Kitson Clark

She was the youngest of three children born to Edwin Kitson Clark (1866–1943) and Georgina Kitson Clark (née Bidder); an elder brother was the historian George Kitson Clark.

Her paternal grandfather was Edwin Charles Clark, Regius Professor of Civil Law at Cambridge University, and her maternal great-grandfather was George Parker Bidder, an eminent engineer.

Kitson Clark was first educated at home and then at Leeds Girls' High School, a selective private school in Leeds.

She then matriculated into Girton College, Cambridge to study the history tripos.

After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree, she remained at the University of Cambridge to study for the one-year diploma in archaeology.

Kitson Clark belonged to the generation of amateur archaeologists who remained as independent scholars; over her lifetime she "witnessed the decline in influence of the amateur, independent scholar, and the rise of a professional class of archaeologist and historian".

Anna Mary Hawthorn Kitson Clark, (14 May 1905 – 1 February 2005), married name Mary Chitty, was an English archaeologist, curator, and independent scholar.

She specialised in the archaeology of Romano-British Northern England but was also involved in excavations outside the United Kingdom and the Roman period.

Kitson Clark was born on 14 May 1905 in Leeds, Yorkshire, England.

From 1929 to 1943, she was secretary of the Roman Antiquities Committee for Yorkshire; her father had been its treasurer.

In 1929, she went to Palestine and worked on the Dorothy Garrod led excavations of palaeolithic sites.

During her involvement in the 1929 excavations in Palestine, Kitson Clark met her future husband Derwas James Chitty (1901–1971); he was also an archaeologist and an Anglican priest.

Her 1935 work, A Gazetteer of Roman Remains in East Yorkshire, "remains one of the starting points for any study of the Romans in the north of England".

During this time, she published her magnum opus, A Gazetteer of Roman Remains in East Yorkshire (1935).

She excavated at a number sites in East Yorkshire, and published her findings in Gazetteer of Roman Remains in East Yorkshire (1935).

In 1935, she was part of a team that excavated Petuaria, a Roman fort in Brough, East Riding of Yorkshire.

On 13 January 1938, Kitson Clark was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London (FSA): at the time of her death she was the "last surviving fellow elected before the Second World War".

From 1941 to 1943, she was also the curator of Roman Antiquities at the Yorkshire Museum in York.

After her marriage in 1943, Kitson Clark remained a member of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society (which, among other things, ran the Yorkshire Museum), becoming its longest-lived vice-president.

On 5 July 1943, she married Chitty.

Together they had one child, a daughter.

They then lived in Upton, Berkshire, where he served as its vicar.

After he retired from full-time ministry in 1968, they lived in Llangwnnadl, Caernarfonshire, Wales.

After the death of her husband in 1971, she continued her research.

Her husband died in 1971 after a "domestic accident".

In her obituary in The Independent it stated that after his death "Mary was much comforted by her strong Christian beliefs".

In 1985, a conference was held in her honour by British Romanists; the proceedings of this conference were later published as Recent Research in Roman Yorkshire: studies in honour of Mary Kitson Clark (Mrs Derwas Chitty) (1988).

It was described in 1990 as a "well-loved, well-thumbed classic", and according to her obituary in The Independent "remains one of the starting points for any study of the Romans in the north of England".

She published a two-volume monograph on The Monks of Ynys Enlli (1992, 2000); the last volume was published just after her 95th birthday.

Kitson Clark was involved in a number of archaeological excavations.

On 1 February 2005, Kitson Clark died at Môr Awel, Llangwnnadl, at the age of 99.

Her funeral and a Requiem Mass were held at St Gwynhoedl's Church in Llangwnnadl on 5 February 2005.