Age, Biography and Wiki

Margaret Billingham (Margaret E. Macpherson) was born on 20 September, 1930 in Tanga, Tanzania, is a Kenyan-born American pathologist (1930-2009). Discover Margaret Billingham's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Learn How rich is she in this year and how she spends money? Also learn how she earned most of networth at the age of 78 years old?

Popular As Margaret E. Macpherson
Occupation Pathologist
Age 78 years old
Zodiac Sign Virgo
Born 20 September 1930
Birthday 20 September
Birthplace Tanga, Tanzania
Date of death 14 July, 2009
Died Place N/A
Nationality Tanzania

We recommend you to check the complete list of Famous People born on 20 September. She is a member of famous with the age 78 years old group.

Margaret Billingham Height, Weight & Measurements

At 78 years old, Margaret Billingham height not available right now. We will update Margaret Billingham's Height, weight, Body Measurements, Eye Color, Hair Color, Shoe & Dress size soon as possible.

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Who Is Margaret Billingham's Husband?

Her husband is John Billingham

Family
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Husband John Billingham
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Children 2

Margaret Billingham Net Worth

Her net worth has been growing significantly in 2023-2024. So, how much is Margaret Billingham worth at the age of 78 years old? Margaret Billingham’s income source is mostly from being a successful . She is from Tanzania. We have estimated Margaret Billingham's net worth, money, salary, income, and assets.

Net Worth in 2024 $1 Million - $5 Million
Salary in 2024 Under Review
Net Worth in 2023 Pending
Salary in 2023 Under Review
House Not Available
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Timeline

1930

Margaret E. Billingham (née Macpherson) (September 20, 1930 - July 14, 2009) was a pathologist at Stanford University Medical Center, who made significant achievements in the early recognition and grading of transplant rejection following cardiac transplantation, known as 'Billingham's Criteria'.

She also described chronic rejection and techniques in heart endomyocardial biopsy.

Born in Tanzania, and educated in Kenya and subsequently qualified from the Royal Free Hospital in London, Billingham found herself developing rejection pathology and eventually becoming director of cardiac pathology at Stanford University Medical Center.

She was then born in 1930 in Tanga, Tanzania, and then educated at Loreto School in Kenya.

She had a sister, Shirley Anne.

1954

Moving to England, she gained admission to the Royal Free Hospital in London to study medicine, subsequently graduating in 1954.

She met her future husband John Billingham while they were both doing their junior house posts.

1956

They married in 1956, while they were both employed at Hampstead General Hospital.

1963

In 1963, they then emigrated to Houston, Texas, with their two sons, Robert and Graham.

1965

Two years later, in 1965, they moved to San Francisco Bay.

Her husband became chief of the life sciences division at Ames Research Center.

1966

In 1966, Billingham started a 2-year postdoctoral researcher at Stanford.

1968

Originally in cardiopulmonary medicine, she then switched to pathology in 1968.

The timing of her work coincided with the excitement in early heart transplant surgery, with Norman Shumway performing the first heart transplant in the United States in 1968.

She was at Stanford at a time when Stanford was leading cardiac transplantation research on an international platform and when places like Stanford had relatively few leading female scientists.

The grading system was soon adopted as the standard method for examining rejection and other cardiac diseases.

Her work led her to be known as 'founder of cardiac transplantation pathology'.

In addition, she also worked on research into the toxicity of the Adriamycin, a chemotherapy drug.

1972

In 1972, she became diplomat for the American Board of Pathology.

She also became a fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists, American College of Cardiology and the American College of Pathology.

1979

Some recent advances in cardiac pathology, Progress in human pathology, Margaret E. Billingham, July 1979.

1986

In 1986, she received the medal for histopathology of heart transplantation, from the University of Padua, and the city of Paris gold medal for contributions to heart transplantation.

1988

By 1988, Billingham was professor in pathology at Stanford.

She worked closely with Philip Caves at Norman Shumway's cardiac transplantation unit, where they developed the technique for assessing and monitoring acute organ rejection following heart transplant surgery.

Serial biopsies, taken from transplanted hearts within the recipients, were taken using a newly developed bioptome, percutaneous transvenous endomyocardial biopsy.

The histological samples were examined in the pathology laboratories for early signs of rejection, allowing early treatment interventions.

1990

In 1990, she became the first female president of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT).

Billingham authored more than 500 papers, abstracts and chapters.

1994

In 1994, three years after being appointed director of women in medicine and medical sciences at Stanford's school of medicine, she retired.

Together with her husband, they moved to Penn Valley in Northern California.

2001

The U.S. and Canadian Academy of Pathology bestowed her the Distinguished Pathologist of the Year Award for 2001.

She was frequently invited to speak at many National Institutes of Health symposiums and also been advisor to them.

2009

She settled in the United States with her husband, who was also a doctor, and their two children, and died there in 2009.

Billingham's father was posted as a British diplomat, to Tanzania.

Spending time with her family, discovering California and enjoying fishing and gardening, were to become her past times until her death at Sierra Nevada Memorial Hospital, Grass Valley, from kidney cancer in 2009.

Billingham not only devised the scoring system for acute heart transplant rejection based on endomyocardial biopsy samples at Stanford, but worked on getting it accepted internationally.

This "Billingham criteria" became widely used.

Described by colleagues as “generous”, "kind", "gracious" and “reflective”, she was also known to advocate fellow female physicians.

"Her contributions were the key to advancing the care and survival of heart transplant patients" – Robert Robbins, director of cardiovascular institute.

Billingham received numerous International honours and awards.