Li Shangfu

Li Shangfu (born February 1958) is a Chinese aerospace engineer and former military administrator who served as the 13th Minister of National Defence of China and as State Councillor of China from March to October 2023.

Li Shangfu was born in February 1958 in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, with his ancestral home in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province.

He is the son of Li Shaozhu (李绍珠), a Red Army veteran and former high-ranking officer of the PLA Railway Force.

Li Shangfu joined the PLA when he entered the National University of Defense Technology in 1978.

He joined the People's Liberation Army (PLA) as a technician at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in 1982.

After graduating in 1982, he began working at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center as a technician.

Li attained a Doctor of Engineering in control theory and control engineering from Chongqing University.

In December 2003, he was promoted to Director (Commander) of the center at the age of 45.

In 2006, he attained the rank of major general.

Li Shangfu was conferred the rank of major general in July 2006.

In his ten years as director of the Xichang center, Li oversaw several rocket launches, including the launch of the Chang'e 2 lunar probe in October 2010.

After 31 years working in Xichang, Li was appointed Chief of Staff of the PLA General Armaments Department (GAD) in 2013, replacing Major General Shang Hong.

A year later, he was made Deputy Director of the GAD.

In 2016, Li was appointed Deputy Commander of the newly established PLA Strategic Support Force, which is responsible for cyberspace, space, and other high-tech warfare.

He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general in the same year.

In August 2016, he was conferred the rank of lieutenant general.

He later served as head of the Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission from 2017 to 2022.

In September 2017, Li was appointed Director of the Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission, the successor department of the GAD, replacing General Zhang Youxia.

In October 2017, Li was elected a member of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

He was conferred the rank of general in July 2019 and was appointed as a member of the Central Military Commission in October 2022.

In August 2023 Li disappeared from public view and was then removed from office on October 24, 2023.

He is both the shortest-serving Minister of National Defense and the first from the PLA Strategic Support Force.

Li Shangfu previously served as Deputy Commander of the PLA Strategic Support Force and Deputy Commander of the PLA General Armaments Department.

He spent 31 years working at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, including 10 years as the center director.

In July 2019, he was conferred the rank of general.

In October 2022, he was nominated as a member of the 20th Central Military Commission of the Chinese Communist Party by Party general secretary Xi Jinping.

He ranked first among the members of the Central Military Commission.

On January 18, 2023, Li Shangfu attended the Central Military Commission promotion ceremony, and was appointed State Councilor and Minister of National Defense on March 12 of the same year, succeeding Wei Fenghe.

According to The Diplomat, Li's promotion reflects Chinese attempts to prioritize aerospace in its defense modernization program, against a backdrop of increasing technological competition between China and the United States.

On April 17, 2023, Li made his first overseas visit to Russia.

As part of his four-day visit, he met with Russian president Vladimir Putin and Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu in Moscow.

During his meeting, he stated the ties between China and Russia ‘surpass military-political alliances of the cold war era’.

On April 28, he met with Indian Minister of Defence Rajnath Singh as part of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation defence ministers' meeting in New Delhi, India, making it the first visit to India by a Chinese Defence Minister since the 2020 border skirmishes between Indian and Chinese troops.

In June 2023, at the 2023 IISS Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore, Li made public comments stating that war with the United States would be an unbearable disaster and that both the United States and China needed to seek more common ground in the wake of recent escalations between the two countries.

Concluded on 24 October 2023, the sixth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress decided to remove Li Shangfu from the posts of State Councilor and Minister of National Defense and remove Qin Gang from the post of State Councilor.

He has also been removed from the Central Military Commission.

With a tenure of seven months, Li is the shortest-serving minister of national defense of the People's Republic of China.

In September 2023, Reuters reported that Li was under anti-corruption investigations by the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission.

His absence had been observed and speculated on by U.S. government officials, who told the Financial Times they believed that Li was under investigation.

On 24 October 2023, it was reported through China Central Television that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress signed off on his removal from the Ministry of National Defense, following a two month absence from public view, without specifying the cause.