Kadyr Yusupov

Kadyr Yusupov (Қодиржон Юсупов, Кадыржан Юсупов; born 18 December 1951) is currently held in prison in Uzbekistan on charges of treason.

The UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and several prominent international NGOs called for his immediate release and rehabilitation.

In 1970 he began his studies at the Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies, graduating in 1976 with a degree in Arabic studies.

From 1976 to 1982, he worked as interpreter at diplomatic missions in Libya and Iraq.

In 1982 Yusupov joined the diplomatic service of the then regional Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Tashkent.

From 1987 until 1991 he worked as First Secretary at the embassy in Khartoum, Sudan.

With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 Yusupov returned to the now independent Uzbekistan.

Later that year he won a place at the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation in Moscow and graduated in 1993.

In 1994 he was posted to Austria as Uzbekistan's Counsellor.

From 1995 to 1999, he was appointed as the Head of Asia Department at the Uzbek Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Tashkent.

During his tenure he was part of an international team of experts negotiating for peaceful settlement in Afghanistan as part of the Six plus Two Group on Afghanistan, operating under the aegis of the UN.

From 1999 to 2002, Yusupov worked as Counsellor and Deputy Head of Mission at the Embassy of Uzbekistan in London.

Yusupov is a retired career diplomat from Uzbekistan, who served as his country's Chargé d'affaires in Austria, Slovakia and Hungary from 2006 until 2009.

He simultaneously held the post of the Permanent Representative of Uzbekistan to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, UN and other international organizations in Vienna.

Kadyr Yusupov was born in Olmazar, a village outside Tashkent, Uzbek SSR to a working-class family.

From 2006 to 2009 he was Chargé d'affaires in Vienna.

He left the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2009, and has since been working in the private sector advising foreign businesses on investments in Uzbekistan.

Yusupov suffered from long-term mental health issues, with symptoms of schizophrenia.

On December 3, 2018, following a psychotic episode Yusupov attempted suicide by jumping under a metro train at the Pushkin station in Tashkent.

He survived with a broken collarbone and a brain injury.

On December 10, the State Security Service of Uzbekistan detained Yusupov on charges of treason under article 157 of the Uzbek Criminal Code.

He denied the charges.

Yusupov's lawyer Allan Pashkovskiy alleges that the State Security Service of Uzbekistan engaged in violations of procedures and used psychological torture against Yusupov between December 2018 until April 2019, including denial of medication and threats of sexual violence against his family.

Complaints were filed to the Ombudsman for Human Rights in Uzbekistan, National Human Rights Centre, Presidential Administration, the Prosecutor General and the State Security Service.

The press release stated: "According to [Yusupov's relatives], Yusupov said that between December 2018 and late March 2019, two State Security Services officers entered his (Yusupov's) cell two or three times each day and threatened that if he did not admit his guilt, they would rape him with a rubber baton, rape his wife and daughter, and arrest his two sons, including a son who lives abroad, by means of extradition...No amount of [Uzbekistan's] progress on paper can be successful when the rule of law is blatantly disregarded, and people are in practice subject to torture."

Having reviewed legal arguments from both sides, the Working Group determined that Kadyr Yusupov has been arbitrarily detained by the government of Uzbekistan since December 2018, in contravention of articles 3, 8, 9, 10, 11 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and articles 2(3), 9, 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

The Working Group requested the government of Uzbekistan to immediately release, provide remedies and compensation to Kadyr Yusupov, and report back to the United Nations Human Rights Council within 6 months.

It further requested the government to take appropriate measures against those responsible for the violation of Kadyr Yusupov's rights.

At present, the government of Uzbekistan has not complied with the UN Working Group's decision.

Geoffrey Robertson, QC, a human rights barrister and founder of Doughty Street Chambers, represented Kadyr Yusupov at the UN.

He said: "This is a most damning criticism of a country (Uzbekistan) that is pretending to the West that it respects the rule of law but is in reality allowing its secret police and its lickspittle judges to behave brutally. The conduct of its security police was disgusting as they tried to force a confession from a man recovering from a mental breakdown and then for 5 months denied him all contact with his family and his lawyer of choice. The judges behaved like legal lickspittles, refusing to investigate the torture to which he had been subjected."

A closed trial in Tashkent started on June 24, 2019.

On June 14, 2019, the Prosecutor General Office denied all allegations of torture against Yusupov.

Deputy Prosecutor General Erkin Yuldashev said in the press conference that following an internal investigation, the office established 'no facts of psychological and physical torture in relation to Yusupov... and that we are responsible for the outcome of this decision'.

On June 11, 2019, Human Rights Watch (HRW) issued a press release urging the Uzbek authorities to release Kadyr Yusupov.

On June 21, 2019, International Partnership for Human Rights (IPHR) and Association for Human Rights in Central Asia included Yusupov's case in the ongoing EU-Uzbekistan Human Rights Dialogue in Brussels.

Yusupov's case is currently being reviewed by the Special procedures of the United Nations Human Rights Council.

On 25 May 2021, The United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention adopted a legal opinion No. 3/2021 concerning Kadyr Yusupov (Uzbekistan).

On June 12, 2019, Alec Luhn, foreign affairs correspondent for the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph published an article about Yusupov's arrest.

BBC Uzbek Service and Radio Liberty published online articles in Uzbek and Russian.