Bruce Ritter

Bruce Ritter (February 25, 1927 – October 7, 1999) was a Catholic priest and one-time Franciscan friar who founded the charity Covenant House in 1972 for homeless teenagers.

His father died in 1931 when he was four, and his mother struggled financially during the Great Depression of the 1930s, raising five children on a widow's pension and a series of odd jobs.

Ritter graduated from Hamilton High School West in 1945, worked briefly in a local industry, and joined the United States Navy near the end of World War II.

In 1947 following the war, he took the name Bruce when he entered the Order of Friars Minor Conventual.

He transferred for a time to explore monastic life as a Trappist, but returned.

Ritter was ordained as a Franciscan in 1956.

He completed his doctoral thesis on The Primacy and the Council of Florence at the Conventual seminary in Rome in 1959, but never revised or published it in an academic journal.

After a series of short-term teaching assignments at a variety of Franciscan institutions, Ritter arrived at Manhattan College in the Bronx to teach theology in 1963.

In 1968, Ritter had given a commencement speech at the College attacking American society for becoming grievously disconnected from the teachings of Jesus.

Ritter had been praised by the students for his speech, but challenged that he ought to practice his preaching.

Ritter resigned from the college, and began a new ministry on the Lower East Side of New York City.

He recruited a fellow Franciscan friar, Father James Fitzgibbon, to move to this troubled neighborhood and initiate what he described as a "ministry of availability" to the poor.

The Archdiocese of New York assigned Ritter and Fitzgibbon to the local parish, St. Brigid's Church.

It had been designated as an experimental parish, in that it was structured around a team ministry.

By the early 1970s, Ritter decided to concentrate on sheltering homeless youths.

The issue of "runaways" was receiving considerable national media attention; Greenwich Village appeared to be a magnet that attracted many homeless youths.

He formally incorporated his ministry as Covenant House in 1972 and received his first grant from the New York City Addiction Services Agency to support his work.

Ritter soon began acquiring other properties and opened a series of boys' and girls' group homes, primarily in the Greenwich Village and East Village neighborhoods.

In 1976, he announced plans to open a multi-service center for youths near the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Times Square.

He began to gain considerable publicity by claiming that he was rescuing youths who had arrived in New York City and had been lured into the child pornography and prostitution trades.

By the 1980s, it had grown to an $87 million agency, operating numerous large centers in New York and six other major United States cities, as well as locations in Toronto, Canada, and Latin America.

By the late 1980s, Covenant House had moved away from the small group home approach and opened large shelters with training programs in seven United States cities, as well as in Canada (e.g. Toronto) and Latin America.

Its budget approached US$90,000,000, and it spent three times what the federal government did on runaways.

He called the teenagers in the Covenant House "my kids", "nice kids", and "gorgeous kids".

In 1984, President Ronald Reagan praised Covenant House in his State of the Union address for their efforts in aiding homeless and runaway youth.

In 1985, Ritter served on US Attorney General Edwin Meese's Commission on Pornography.

Ritter wrote two books, Covenant House: Lifeline to the Street (New York: Doubleday, 1987) and Sometimes God Has a Kid's Face, which detailed his experience in starting up Covenant House and provided his perspective on homeless teenagers.

In 1990, Ritter was forced to resign from Covenant House after allegations of sexual and financial misconduct.

It was one of the most widely publicized cases of sexual abuse within the Catholic Church.

However no charges were filed against him.

Independent investigation commissioned by the charity found none of the allegations of sexual misconduct can be proved beyond any question, but that cumulative evidence was extensive.

He also left the Franciscans, but retained his priestly faculties.

He retired to a small town in upstate New York.

Bruce Ritter was born in Trenton, New Jersey, and grew up in nearby Hamilton Township.

The Franciscans lived in a tenement building on East 7th Street, which Ritter described as a place where he washed his dishes in the bathtub and paid $90 a month in rent.

Although poverty was the main focus of Ritter's teaching, he soon found a more pressing issue, as he had moved into a high crime neighborhood plagued by heavy drug use.

The friars were not immune to this situation, and their apartment was frequently broken into and robbed.

One time, Father Bruce's religious habit was taken by the thieves.

Gradually they accumulated a following of young volunteers who moved to the East Village, Manhattan, and surrounding apartments in an effort to live in community, and to effect social and political change.

Although Fitzgibbon eventually left the ministry, several other individuals, including Adrian Gately, Patricia Kennedy, and Paul Frazier proved instrumental in defining the early years.