Binyam Mohamed

Binyam Ahmed Mohamed (ብንያም መሐመድ, بنيام محمد, born 24 July 1978), also referred to as Benjamin Mohammed, Benyam Mohammed or Benyam Mohammed al-Habashi, is an Ethiopian national and United Kingdom resident, who was detained as a suspected enemy combatant by the US Government in Guantanamo Bay prison between 2004 and 2009 without charges.

He was arrested in Pakistan and transported first to Morocco under the US's extraordinary rendition program, where he claimed to have been interrogated under torture.

After some time, Mohamed was transferred to military custody at Guantanamo Bay detention camp.

Mohamed's military Personal Representative at the time of his Combatant Status Review Tribunal reported that he had said that he had gone to train in the Al Farouq training camp only in order to train to fight in Chechnya.

Mohamed also said that the evidence against him was obtained using torture and later denied any confession.

The US dropped its charges against him, and eventually released him.

Born in Ethiopia, Mohamed immigrated to Canada in 1995, where he sought political asylum.

He lived there for seven years with leave to remain while his application was resolved.

He was seeking Permanent Resident status.

In June 2001, Mohamed travelled to Afghanistan, for reasons which are in dispute.

He and his supporters said that he had gone to conquer his drug problems and to see Muslim countries "with his own eyes".

The British and U.S. authorities contend, and the Personal Representative's initial interview notes record, that Mohamed admitted receiving paramilitary training in the al Farouq training camp run by al-Qaeda.

He admitted to military training, but said that it was to fight with the Muslim resistance in Chechnya against the Russians, which was not illegal.

Mohamed Said that he had made false statements while being tortured in Pakistani jails.

On 10 April 2002, Mohamed was arrested at Pakistan's Karachi airport by Pakistani authorities as a suspected terrorist, while attempting to return to the UK under a false passport.

Mohamed contends that he was subjected to extraordinary rendition by the United States, and entered a "ghost prison system" run by US intelligence agents in Pakistan, Morocco and Afghanistan.

While he was held in Morocco, he said that interrogators tortured him by repeatedly using scalpels or razor blades to cut his penis and chest.

On 19 September 2004, Mohamed was taken by U.S. military authorities from Bagram airbase in Afghanistan to their Guantánamo Bay detention camp at their Navy base in Cuba.

He says that he was "routinely humiliated and abused and constantly lied to" there.

In February 2005, he was placed in Camp V, the harsh "super-maximum" facility where, reports suggest, "uncooperative" detainees are held.

He was told that he would be required to testify against other detainees.

Mohamed's British barrister, Clive Stafford Smith, legal director of Reprieve said that Mohamed participated in lengthy hunger strikes in 2005 to protest against the harsh conditions and lack of access to any judicial review.

The hunger strike started in July 2005, and resumed in August 2005 because the detainees believed the US authorities failed to keep promises to meet their demands.

From a written statement by Mohamed dated 11 August 2005:

"The administration promised that if we gave them 10 days, they would bring the prison into compliance with the Geneva conventions. They said this had been approved by Donald Rumsfeld himself in Washington DC. As a result of these promises, we agreed to end the strike on July 28.

It is now August 11.

They have betrayed our trust (again).

Hisham from Tunisia was savagely beaten in his interrogation and they publicly desecrated the Qur'an (again).

Saad from Kuwait was ERF'd [subjected to the Extreme Reaction Force] for refusing to go (again) to interrogation because the female interrogator had sexually humiliated him (again) for 5 hours _ Therefore, the strike must begin again."

On 7 November 2005, Mohamed was charged by a military commission at Guantanamo with conspiracy.

The complaint alleges that Mohamed was trained in Kabul to build dirty bombs (weapons combining conventional explosives with radioactive material intended to be dispersed over a large area).

According to the complaint, he "was planning terror attacks against high-rise apartment buildings in the United States and was arrested at an airport in Pakistan, attempting to go to London while using a forged passport."

At the start of his military commission, Mohamed chose to represent himself.

He protested against the commissions, and said he was not the person charged because the Prosecution had spelled his name incorrectly.

He held up a sign "con mission" and stated: "This is not a commission, it's a con mission, It's a mission to con the world."

In mid-2006, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld that the President lacked the constitutional authority to create military commissions outside the regular federal and military justice systems, and they were unconstitutional.

He arrived in the United Kingdom on 23 February 2009.

Together with other detainees, he took legal action against the UK government for collusion by MI5 and MI6 in his torture by the United States.

In February 2010, the UK Court of Appeal ruled that he had been subjected to "cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment by the United States authorities" in which the British Intelligence services had been complicit.

The UK government agreed to pay an undisclosed sum in compensation in November 2010.