Allen Hamilton

Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corporation (informally Booz Allen) is the parent of Booz Allen Hamilton Inc., an American government and military contractor, specializing in intelligence.

It is headquartered in McLean, Virginia, in Greater Washington, D.C., with 80 other offices around the globe.

The company's stated core business is to provide consulting, analysis and engineering services to public and private sector organizations and nonprofits.

The company that was to become Booz Allen was founded in 1914, in Evanston, Illinois, when Northwestern University graduate Edwin G. Booz founded the Business Research Service. The service was based on Booz's theory that companies would be more successful if they could call on someone outside their own organizations for expert, impartial advice.

Booz's service attracted a number of clients, such as Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Chicago's Union Stockyards and Transit Company, and the Canadian Pacific Railway.

During the following three decades, the company went through a number of name changes and business models, eventually settling on Booz, Fry, Allen & Hamilton, named after their partnership in 1936.

Before George A. Fry's departure in 1942, the company's name was changed again to Booz Allen Hamilton.

In general, the post-World War II era saw a shift in the company's client pool, with many contracts coming from governmental institutions and different branches of the Armed Forces.

Edwin G. Booz died in 1951.

The company received its first international contract two years later, in 1953, to help reorganize land-ownership records for the newly established Philippines government.

In 1957, Sam Johnson, great grandson of the S.C. Johnson & Son founder, and Booz Allen's Conrad Jones published How to Organize for New Products which discussed theories on product life-cycle management.

In 1958, Gordon Pehrson, deputy director of U.S. Navy Special Projects Office, and Bill Pocock of Booz Allen Hamilton developed the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT).

The partnership was dissolved in 1962 and the company was registered as a private corporation.

In 1982, Booz Allen's Keith Oliver coined the term "supply chain management".

In 1998, Booz Allen Hamilton developed a strategy for the IRS to reshuffle its 100,000 employees into units focused on particular taxpayer categories.

Bloomberg named it "the world's most profitable spy organization".

According to an Information Week piece from 2002, Booz Allen had "more than one thousand former intelligence officers on its staff".

According to its own website, the company employs more than 10,000 personnel who have cleared TS/SCI background checks.

In 2008, the commercial arm of Booz Allen split off to form Booz & Company.

In 2010, Booz Allen went public with an initial public offering of 14,000,000 shares at $17 per share.

In 2012, Booz Allen purchased the Defense Systems Engineering & Support division of ARINC, adding approximately 1,000 new employees to its roster.

In June 2012, Booz Allen expanded its operations in North Africa and the Middle East, with initial plans to add operations in Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, United Arab Emirates.

It planned to later add operations to Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey, during a time when those countries, as stated by Jill R. Aitoro of the Washington Business Journal, were "recover[ing] from the turmoil associated with the Arab Spring".

The Booz Allen employee base, when it was a part of Booz & Company, had long-term relationships with many North African and Middle Eastern countries; Booz Allen had split from Booz & Company.

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Other fields

Booz Allen has been credited with developing several business concepts.

In 2013, Booz & Company was acquired by PwC and renamed as Strategy&.

Since then, Booz Allen has re-entered commercial markets.

In 2013, Booz Allen's Mark Herman, Stephanie Rivera, Steven Mills, and Michael Kim published the Field Guide to Data Science.

In 2014, Booz Allen acquired Epidemico.

In 2015, Booz Allen acquired the software development division of the Charleston, S.C. technology firm SPARC.

A second edition was published in 2015.

In 2017, Booz Allen acquired eGov Holdings.

In 2017, Booz Allen's Josh Sullivan and Angela Zutavern published The Mathematical Corporation.

In 2018, the SEC awarded both Booz Allen and Attain a $2.5 billion contract to modernize how the SEC purchases IT services.

In February 2020, the company became the SEC's major provider of cybersecurity services by securing a 10-year contract worth $113 million.

The company was awarded $4.4 billion in U.S. Federal obligations in fiscal year 2020.

Booz Allen Hamilton has faced criticism and coverage for its close ties with leaders of both major American political parties and their donations to them, as well as its longtime alliances with the militaries and surveillance entities of nations abroad.